This volume consists of 11 articles with 24 authors from 4 universities/institutions in Indonesia namely: universitas Dharma Andalas, Universitas Andalas, Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK-Padang, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera utara.

 Jurnal Hasi Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta - JPPIE would like to express my deepest gratitude to all the authors who have sent their best articles to be published in JPPIE

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47233/jppie.v2i1

Published: 2022-07-10

Articles